Players of the US Ice Hockey team celebrate after winning 2:1 in the Gold Medal Game against Canada at the 2018 Paralympicd. Photo: Bob Martin for OIS/IOC.

The World’s Best Sled Hockey Team Prepares to Defend Its Crown


They won in Vancouver. They won in Sochi. They won in PyeongChang. Team USA players and coaches have built the best sled hockey team in the world and hope to win an unprecedented fourth-consecutive gold medal at the Beijing Paralympics. That journey starts March 4, at 9:05 p.m. P.T., as USA opens group play against archrival Canada, a rematch of the 2018 gold medal game. Here’s a closer look at a U.S. team that has every intention of keeping its crown.  


Brody Roybal is one of the more experienced players on Team USA sled hockey, a squad that features 11 returning Paralympians and six first-timers. He was 15 years old when he helped the U.S. win gold at the 2014 Sochi Paralympics. 

“Man, that was a dream come true,” says Roybal. “I had always looked up to the guys on the team and knew that I wanted to be at that stage with them, and I just worked really, really hard to get to that point. I had trained every day before school, during school and after school. I didn’t live the life of a normal 15-year-old.”  

shows two men on battling for puck in ice arena.
Brody Roybal and Gian Luca Cavaliere of Italy battle for the puck during the the PyeongChang Paralympics. Photo: Thomas Lovelock for OIS/IOC.

A congenital bilateral amputee, Roybal says his parents pushed him to live an active life. He participated in various sports, including wheelchair basketball, wrestling, skateboarding, track and baseball. After hearing about sled hockey, Roybal’s parents took him to a practice. “The first time I got on the ice, I instantly fell in love with it,” says Roybal, who’s now 23. 

Kyle Zych had a longer road to his first Paralympics. He has spina bifida but grew up without any significant mobility impairments. He walked unassisted through high school and played baseball growing up, though he couldn’t run as fast as the other children.  

Spinal cord untethering surgeries when he was 19 and 20 caused him to lose strength and mobility in his hips and legs. He started using arm crutches or a wheelchair, and he then began looking into adaptive sports and found sled hockey.  

Once he did, he was all in. He spent four years on the U.S. development team before being called up to the national team. “At the time, we would have camps once a month, and then we would play Canada up in Montreal once a year for a three-game series. I thought that was awesome — and it was — but it’s totally different being on the national team,” he says. 

He was first named to the national team in 2018, after the PyeongChang Paralympics. Throughout his time on the development team and now on the national team, he has scheduled his life around the sport. He works out in the gym six days a week and has been skating two hours a day with the team most days in the months leading up to the Beijing games. Everyday decisions such as what he eats revolve around hockey and staying in elite shape. “It was a lot of hard work and a lot of sacrifice to get to this point, but every second has been worth it,” he says. 

Kyle Zych, who won gold with Team USA at the 2019 World Championships, will be competing in his first Paralympics.

USA sled hockey is coached by David Hoff, who grew up playing and then coaching what he calls “stand-up hockey” in North Dakota. Hoff, who doesn’t have a disability, joined USA Hockey’s sled hockey program in 2011 after being recruited by then-head coach Jeff Sauer. He served as an assistant coach for the national team from 2016 to 2018 before being named head coach following the PyeongChang Paralympics. 

“Really, the game is the same,” he says when asked to compare stand-up hockey and sled hockey. “There are some small differences, such as a player not being able to skate backward and things like that but, really, for the most part, all of the skills and concepts are very similar.” 

He has learned to adapt and adjust his coaching strategies to fit with the different disabilities that each player has. Hoff gives the example of Roybal using a shorter sled than other players since he does not need room for legs. The custom sled allows Roybal a tighter turn radius and more options for attacking opposing defenses.  

Roybal’s shorter sled allows him more maneuverability than players whose sleds are long enough to accommodate their legs.

Hoff sees the combination of experience — players like Roybal and Rico Roman will be playing in their third Paralympics — and the unique excitement of first-time Paralympians like Zych as an asset. Hoff says that Roman, the oldest team member at 41, has a “fatherly” influence on the younger players. Zych credits the more experienced players on the team with teaching him about the game and how to excel as an athlete.  

“Seeing the professionalism those guys carry on and off the ice, just knowing what to say, knowing what to do, how much time we’ve put into this, it really is a full-time professional environment that those guys carry themselves in,” Zych says. “It rubs off on everybody else, and it just makes this team that much better, that much more dedicated and willing to sacrifice for each other. I’ve learned a lot from those guys for sure.” 

What is Sled Hockey?

The main difference between sled hockey and stand-up hockey is that the players sit on sleds with blades on the bottom and use sticks in each hand to propel themselves around the ice and shoot. The two sticks have a shooting edge on one end and spikes on the other. 

Sled hockey — sometimes called sledge hockey and now referred to as Para Ice Hockey by the International Paralympic Committee — shares the same rules as stand-up hockey with five skaters and a goalie on the ice per team at a time. 

Sled Hockey was developed in a rehabilitation hospital in Sweden in the 1960s and made its debut as a Paralympic sport at the 1994 Winter Games in Lillehammer, Norway.  

To be eligible to compete, players need to have a physical impairment in their lower body, with the IPC determining what impairments qualify as significant enough. 

Continue Reading

Playing During the COVID Pandemic 

The preparation for the Beijing 2022 Paralympics has taken place amid the ongoing COVID pandemic. “It’s been something we’ve had to deal with,” says Roybal. “It’s been a little bit difficult with training, but we’ve made the best out of it. Our team has to overcome adversity all the time, so it’s just something we’ve dealt with and made the best out of.” 

Hockey is a full-time job for the 17 players, who all receive funding from USA Hockey, and they have been limiting interactions with people beyond their family and close circle of friends. Roybal says the biggest concern in the run-up to the games has been avoiding infection, which would limit, or potentially prohibit, a player from participating in the Beijing games. 

As with the Beijing Winter Olympics, there will be no spectators at the Paralympics. No American friends and family, not even Chinese spectators. “Obviously, it takes away a little bit of the excitement from it at that point for sure,” says Hoff. “You want to perform in front of a lot of people, and sled hockey has grown so much.” 

Team USA players huddle together before a gold medal game against Canada at the PyeongChang Paralympics. Photo: Joel Marklund for OIS/IOC.

In the last World Championships before the pandemic hit, the team played the host country, the Czech Republic, in Ostrava in front of 10,000 people, an environment that this year’s Games will not replicate. But despite the absence of fans and spectators, Hoff says the team still approaches the Games with the same goal and focus. Fans in the stands or not, it’s all about coming away with a gold medal. 

Whatever the atmosphere in Beijing, the team still knows fans will be watching back home. There is a United States Olympic and Paralympic Committee-hosted watch party planned in Park City, Utah, as well as other regional gatherings of friends and families to watch. Zych is admittedly disappointed he won’t have friends and family in the stadium for his first Paralympics, but they have told him they will watch every game live no matter when it is on. 

How the Paralympic Sled Hockey Competition Works

Originally, eight teams were scheduled participate in the Para Ice Hockey competition in Beijing: the top five teams from the 2021 World Championships, China as the host nation, and two countries that made it through a qualification tournament.  

The teams were split into two groups, with Group A featuring the top four teams — the USA, Canada, South Korea and the Russian Paralympic Committee — and Group B consisting of Italy, Slovakia, the Czech Republic and China. Following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, Russian athletes have been banned from the Paralympics. Officials will have to make last-minute changes to the competition format. Athletes, as they’ve done so often over the past few years, will have to adapt. 

Before officials banned Russia, each team would have played the other teams in its group in a round-robin format. The top two teams from Group A would get an automatic berth in the semifinals. The bottom two teams from Group A and the top two teams from Group B would play in the quarterfinals to determine the other two semifinalists. Now, the specifics of group and crossover play are up in the air.  

Whatever changes occur, the gold medal match is scheduled to start at 8:05 p.m. P.T. on March 12. Tune in to see which teams are best able to navigate the uncertainty to get there.

Continue Reading

A Classic Hockey Rivalry 

The U.S.’s first game is against Canada, the world’s second-ranked team. They met in the gold medal match of the 2018 PyeongChang Paralympic Games and have faced off in the gold medal match in the past five World Championships. 

The last time the U.S. did not win a gold medal in the Paralympics or World Championships was at the 2017 World Championships in Gangneung, South Korea, when it lost to Canada in the gold medal match. “It’s never a good feeling to not win a gold medal or to be disappointed in your results, so we know what that feels like, and we’re going to do our best not to come home with that feeling,” says Roybal.  

Eleven months later, when the two teams met in the gold medal match of the 2018 Paralympics, Canada led 1-0 after the first period and held that advantage until the final minutes of the final period. While still trailing with a minute left to go in the game, the U.S. pulled the goalie to put an extra skater on the ice. An empty-net shot by Canada bounced off the post, and Declan Farmer gathered the puck and scored the tying goal with 36 seconds left. He then scored the game- and gold-medal-winning goal three and a half minutes into overtime. 

“We’ve had a rivalry with Canada for years. They’re a great team, and we’re really excited to play them,” says Roybal, who was named Para Ice Hockey MVP of the 2018 Paralympics. “I think it’s really cool that we get to play them in our first game over there. I think it’s going to be a great hockey game, but it’s just another team that we have to play on our journey to that gold medal game.” 



Support New Mobility

Wait! Before you wander off to other parts of the internet, please consider supporting New Mobility. For more than three decades, New Mobility has published groundbreaking content for active wheelchair users. We share practical advice from wheelchair users across the country, review life-changing technology and demand equity in healthcare, travel and all facets of life. But none of this is cheap, easy or profitable. Your support helps us give wheelchair users the resources to build a fulfilling life.

donate today

Comments are closed.