The war came quickly to Uliana Pcholkina’s doorstep. She and her husband, Vitalii, are manual wheelchair users who live in Bucha, a city just northwest of Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine. As Russian forces invaded Ukraine and advanced toward Kyiv, Bucha took heavy fire, and the Pcholkins were forced to shelter in place. 

“Our house was under direct shelling from a tank, now the city is looted by Russian invaders. We have no chance to [be] rescued — we have nowhere to run!” Uliana posted on Facebook on March 7. “There is no communication in the city. Light, water, gas [are] missing. Temperature in apartment [is] on the edge of 10-12 degrees. There is no connection either. This post is uploaded under shelling, at risk of life, where [there’s] at least a little bit of connection.” 

There are an estimated 2.7 million people with disabilities in Ukraine. Many now face brutal conditions brought on by the invasion, an unfolding humanitarian crisis, and international organizations’ failure to account for the needs of disabled Ukrainians.  

Yuliia Sachuk foresaw this crisis. She heads Fight for Right, a Ukrainian disability-rights nonprofit. “I started the process of finding support and coordinating our efforts to be prepared for a possible invasion months before the war, knowing that the situation of people with disabilities could be very difficult,” she says. But she found little willingness to help among major national and international players.  

As the war unfolds, Fight for Right is left scrambling to help disabled Ukrainians who face a multitude of dangers. There are immediate concerns for those whose towns and cities are hotspots, such as whether to stay at home or seek protection in a basement or bomb shelter.  

If you stay put, you risk shelling and rocket attacks, freezing temperatures and lack of power and heating. But how do you seek shelter when safety is underground, and there are no lifts to get there? You can ask friends and strangers to carry you, but where will you go to the bathroom once there? Where will you sleep without risking pressure sores? How will you get back out to secure food? How will you take care of your most basic needs? The questions are innumerable and often unanswerable.  

Evacuation Efforts 

For many, the safest bet is to seek refuge in neighboring countries, as more than a million Ukrainians have already done. But accessible transportation options are limited. Tanya Herasymova, a manual wheelchair user who works for Fight for Right, evacuated her city of Kamianske in the east of Ukraine. She left by train with her mother, who also has a disability and uses crutches. There were no lifts or ramps, and everywhere they went, she needed people to help lift her on and off the train. They escaped on Feb. 25, just a day after Russia invaded, while tickets were still available. They eventually made it to Poland, but she says that many people with disabilities lack the resources or means to self-evacuate as she did. “They just stay [at] home and pray to God for peace,” she told the BBC.  

Anna Landre is coordinating evacuations with Fight for Right and the Partnership for Inclusive Disaster Strategies, a U.S.-based nonprofit that typically focuses on natural disasters. “We, as two small organizations, are simply not equipped to manage evacuations of people with disabilities in a conflict environment. Because of the lack of attention to this issue, we’ve stepped in.”  

When she began helping Fight for Right, she reached out to major international organizations like the United Nations, the Red Cross, USAID and others, but was repeatedly told the organizations “lacked the ability to evacuate ‘personnel with those needs’ — in other words, people with disabilities,” she says. 

Photo courtesy of Fight for Right

A Finnish driver was able to deliver a wheelchair to Ukrainian Serhiy Kovalchuck.

Landre, Sachuk and a coalition of disability activists and organizations spread across North America and Europe are crowd-sourcing help for disabled Ukrainians in lieu of well-funded aid. There’s the case of Serhiy Kovalchuck, a manual wheelchair user who needed a new wheelchair as he was evacuating. A case manager in Germany found a wheelchair in Poland, and a driver from Finland delivered the chair to Kovalchuck.  

According to Landre, as of March 10, their organizations received over 114 requests for evacuation help from disabled Ukrainians and successfully evacuated 90 individuals and their loved ones. “Our first, biggest need has been transportation — going from people’s houses to a border point — we have struggled to find accessible transportation, especially for people who need to be transported in their wheelchair,” she says.  

Once people escape Ukraine, problems persist. “We’ve found that most existing aid and settlement resources are not inclusive. For example, one of our biggest problems is that buses from border points in Poland to refugee registration centers are not wheelchair accessible,” says Landre. 

Temporary and long-term accessible housing in neighboring countries is a major need. Disabled Ukrainians who leave their homes have no idea if or when they may return.  

Systemic Issues 

Fight for Right also battles systemic issues, like clarifying emergency measures within Ukraine so that people with disabilities and their personal care assistants can move freely. Since the war started, men aged 18-60 have been banned from leaving the country. According to Fight for Right, there are exemptions, but the border patrol service lacks clear instructions about what documentation is needed to allow men in this age range out of the country.  

Ukraine also has a significant population of people with disabilities, both children and adults, who live in institutions. The spotty information that activists have received about the conditions inside those institutions is grim. 

“We are receiving reports from many angles, some of which are hard to verify, that there are targeted attacks on institutions and hospitals,” says Avery Horne, an external coordinator for Fight for Right, currently living in Ireland. “Humanitarian aid is vitally needed. We don’t know if these institutions have access to food, water, energy, and staffing. There have been reports that staff has been leaving and that there’s a grave situation occurring, especially in the institutions in the urban areas that are under direct attack.” 

Given the scale of the crisis, disability groups need the assistance of major international aid organizations, but so far, support is limited, at best.  

Now I don’t try to find “correct” and polite words: #international organizations and instruments on emergencies and #armed-conflict are not effective. 2,7 millions of #Ukrainians with #Disability are totally left behind during #RussianWar against #Ukraine️ https://t.co/IZwxgttIu9

— Yuliia Sachuk (@SachukYuliia) March 7, 2022

In the meantime, disabled Ukrainians will keep helping each other however they can, coordinating with individuals and organizations in other countries that are willing to assist. If you’d like to directly support Fight for Right and its efforts to evacuate disabled Ukrainians, please visit the group’s GoFundMe page.